Modeling the Immune System: The Case of MMC Chemotherapy Treatment for Non-Invasive Bladder Cancer

MaromYosef

Ariel University, Israel

"Modeling the Immune System: The Case of MMC Chemotherapy Treatment for Non-Invasive Bladder Cancer"

Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is one of the most prevalent oncological diseases worldwide, originating in the bladder epithelium, known as the urothelium. Mitomycin C (MMC) chemotherapy is a widely used treatment that reduces recurrence rates and prolongs progression-free survival. However, its full mechanism of action in BC and its immune-related effects, which are crucial for the formulation of an ideal regimen of MMC, remains to be elucidated. This work integrates systems immunology principles with temporal ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to provide a test bed for the theoretical investigation of immune system dynamics during disease progression and chemotherapy administration. We first identify distinct tumor and immune populations and formulate their specific interactions based on biological research. After, we simulate hypothetical BC cases to illustrate the complex dynamics of specialized cell types that bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses. [1] Yosef, M., & Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky, S. (2024). Mathematical model of MMC chemotherapy for non-invasive bladder cancer treatment. Frontiers in Oncology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1352065 [2] Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky, S., Pisarev, V., & Kashdan, E. (2015). Modeling and simulation of a low-grade urinary bladder carcinoma. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 58, 118–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.12.022
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