ECOP-12 Contributed Talks

Beth Stokes

University of Bath

"Should I stay, or should I go: Sex ratio response drives a diverse range (anti-)correlated intra-species behaviours"

The decision of an individual or group to leave its current environment may be influenced by various factors. These include external or inter-species factors such as the presence of predators or food availability, and also intra-species dynamics like mate searching or the strength of social ties within a group. Understanding the consequences of these behaviours on the population level dynamics is non-trivial. In this study, we explore a stochastic model describing the movement of males and females of a species between localised patches, in which the movement rates are dependent on the sex ratio within the patch. By deriving a system of stochastic differential equations governing the fluctuations in these patches we can model a diverse range of intra-species behaviours driven solely by an individual's response to local sex ratio. We subsequently uncover and explore how different individual behaviours can give rise to large scale (anti-)correlated movements between the sexes.

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Shohel Ahmed

University of Alberta

"Personality-Driven Consumer-Resource Dynamics"

To comprehend the mechanisms driving biodiversity and ecosystem resilience in a rapidly changing world, it is essential to explore the behavioral diversity among individuals in greater depth. Consistent individual differences in behavior, often referred to as animal personality, play a crucial role in shaping ecological and evolutionary dynamics, particularly in foraging behavior. Traditional approaches in behavioral and evolutionary ecology typically focus on average behavior, neglecting the significance of individual variability. This study explores the influence of consumer personality on ecological dynamics, specifically examining how variations in food availability affect behavioral strategies and ecosystem functioning. We develop a resource-consumer model that incorporates personality-dependent saturating attack rates based on the mean-field ratio of resources to consumers. The well-posedness of the model is established, and we analyze the existence and stability of all steady-state solutions. Through bifurcation analysis, we identify critical transition parameters and describe the nonlinear phenomena induced by personality-dependent attack rates. Our findings demonstrate that boldness in consumers enhances their persistence, particularly under low levels of boldness, where populations can survive even with moderate or high food supply, which was not captured in classical frameworks.

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Sandip Banerjee

Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

"Effect of productivity and seasonal variation on phytoplankton intermittency in a microscale ecological study using closure approach"

A microscale ecological study using the closure approach to understand the impact of productivity controlled by geographical and seasonal variations on the intermittency of phytoplankton will be presented in this talk. Using this approach for a nutrient–phytoplankton model with Holling type III functional response, it has been shown how the dynamics of the system can be affected by the environmental fluctuations triggered by the impact of light, temperature, and salinity, which fluctuate with regional and seasonal variations. Reynold’s averaging method in space, which results in expressing the original components in terms of its mean (average value) and perturbation (fluctuation) has been used to determine the impact of growth fluctuation in phytoplankton distribution and in the intermittency of phytoplankton spreading (variance). Parameters are estimated from the nature of productivity and spread of phytoplankton density during field observation done at four different locations of Tokyo Bay. The model validation shows that our results are in good agreement with the field observation and succeeded in explaining the intermittent phytoplankton distribution at different locations of Tokyo Bay, Japan, and its neighboring coastal regions.

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